HERNÁNDEZ-NICOLÁS, C.M; MARTÍNEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, S. (2019): “Guardando un legado, acunando un futuro. Viudas en las sociedades mercantiles en el cambio de siglo (1886-1919)” Revista de Historia Industrial (accepted) [“Preserving the inheritance, rocking the future. Windows in Business at the change of the century (1886-1919)]” Once upon a time, widows were most…
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MARTÍNEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, S. (2019): “Mistresses of Company Capital: Female Partners in Multiowner Firms, Spain (1886-1936), Business History (accepted): [https://doi.org/10.1080/00076791.2018.1551364] Contrary to the impression put forth in the literature, Spanish women at the turn of the twentieth century played an active and visible role in the business sphere. Using a unique database…
GUINNANE, T.; MARTÍNEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, S. (2018) “Instructions not Included: Spain´s Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada, 1919-1936.” European Journal of Economic History, 22, 462-482 [https://doi.org/10.1093/ereh/hey006] In 1919 Spain introduced the Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada (SRL), a new type of limited-liability enterprise form that combined elements of the partnership with features of the corporation. The SRL…
GUINNANE, T.; MARTÍNEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, S. (2018) “Choice of Enterprise Form: Spain, 1886-1936.” Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 34(1), 1-26. Article (free access):https://academic.oup.com/jleo/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jleo/ewx015/4791260?guestAccessKey=6880fecb-e150-4965-b22b-fc68f28e0838 Every new firm selects a legal form for the enterprise. Organizing as a corporation, a limited company, or a partnership shapes the firm’s access to capital markets, its governance…
MARTÍNEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, S. (2016). “Creating the Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada: The Use of Legal Flexibility in the Spanish Company Law, 1869-1953”. Business History Review 90(2), 227-249. [DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007680515001361] Spain approved the first law of Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada (SRL)—a legal form similar to the German GmbH— in 1953. However, the SRL had…
MARTÍNEZ-SOTO, A.P.; MARTÍNEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, S. (2015). “Graneries (pósitos): a source of finance for Spain´s small farmers, 1900-1950.” Continuity and Change. v. 30, n. 2, 251-277. Under the Ancien Régime in Spain local granaries (in Spanish, pósitos) acted as welfare institutions designed to help small farmers in times of crisis. During the first…
GUINNANE, T.; MARTÍNEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, S. (2014). “Flexibility in the Spanish Company Law, 1885-1936.” Revista de Historia Industrial, v. 56, 81-113. The Spanish business code allowed firms two types of organizational flexibility in the late 19th and early 20th century. Firms enjoyed great leeway in adapting rules to their needs. The corporation was…
MARTÍNEZ-SOTO, A.P.; MÉNDEZ, I.; MARTÍNEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, S. (2012). “Spain´s Development of Rural Credit Cooperatives from 1900 to 1936: the Role of Financial Resources and Formal Education.”European Review of Economic History. v. 16, 449-468. This paper analyzes the role of financial resources, formal education, and other factors in explaining the presence and spread…
GUINNANE, T.; MARTÍNEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, S. (2011). “Cooperatives before Cooperative Law:Business Law and Cooperatives in Spain, 1869-1931.” Revista de Historia Económica, v. 29 (1), 67-93. Studies of Spanish cooperatives date their spread from the Law on Agrarian Syndicates of 1906. But the first legislative appearance of cooperatives is an 1869 measure that permitted…